The Laura Recovery Center Manual, by the Laura Recovery Center (LRC) Team

The LRC Manual describes how to conduct a massive, citizen-directed effort to recover a missing child.

It is based on a triangle of trust among a missing child's family, law enforcement, and the community.

Contents:

• Introduction
  
  
  • Purpose of the LRC Manual
  • Organizational Concept of the LRC Manual
  • Feedback to the LRC Team
    
    
• Recovery Center Organization

• Recovery Center Core Group and Responsibilities
  Organization Chart / Nametag System
• Physical Facility
• Information Sensitivity
  • Targeting Area Displays
  • Office Area Displays
  • Public Area Displays
    
    
• Director's Summary

• Phase One - The First Six Hours
• Phase Two - The First 72 Hours
• Phase Three - Expanded Search and Assessment
• Phase Four - Information Assessment and Preservation / Search  Rampdown
• Phase Five - Search Termination / Critical Incident Stress Debriefing
  
  
• Search Operations

• Targeting
  • Master Search Map
  • Search Journal
  • Targeting Strategy
  • Mapping
  • Equipment Needed
  • Shutdown Tasks
• Search Patterns
  • Introduction
  • Single Line Search
  • Pivoting Line Search
  • Multiple Pass Search
    
• Special Search Methods & Tasks
  Briefing
  • Equipment Needed
  • Briefing the Search Team
    
• Transportation
  
• Preservation of Evidence
  
• Search Team Status Board
  
• Search Team Communications
  • Search Team Communications Desk
  • Equipment Management
  • Shutdown Tasks
    
• Debriefing
  • Equipment Needed
    
• Medical - First Aid
  • Medic / First Aid Duties
  • Searcher First Aid Kit
  • First Aid Center Supplies
  • Ambulance
    
    
• Administration
  
  
  • Flyers
  • TRAK Systems
  • Flyer Creation
  • Flyer Distribution
  • Equipment Required
  • Types of Flyers
  • Flyer Content
    • Flyers for Mass Distribution
    • Specialty Flyers
    • Shutdown Tasks
      
  • FAX Operation
    • FAX Distribution
    • Stand Alone FAX
    • Computer FAX
      
  • Internet
    • Web Site Maintenance
    • Information for Web Pages
    • Equipment Required
    • Supplies Required
    • Shutdown Tasks
      
  • List Maintenance
    • Volunteer List
    • Recovery Center Directory
    • Resource List
      
  • Historian
    • Records to be Archived
    • Access to Historian Records
    • Shutdown Tasks
      
  • Phone Lines
    • Required Phone Lines
    • Core Group Cellular Phones
      
  • Phone Bank Operations
    • Equipment and Supplies
  • Required by Phone Bank Personnel
    • Information Required by Phone
  • Bank Personnel
    • Telephone Personnel Rules
      
  • Volunteer Registration
    
  • Recovery Center Security
    • Background Checks
    • Security Camera
    • Recovery Center Sign In - Name Tags
    • Bouncer
    • Search Party Photographs
  • Counseling
    
    
• Resource Management

• Procuring Supplies
• Flyer Reproduction
• Flyer Distribution
• Food Management
  • Start Up Tasks
  • Recommended Food Management
  • Food Management Suggestions
• Shut Down Tasks
  
  
• Public Affairs
  
  
  • Media Strategist
  • Media Spokesperson
    
    
• Family Liaison

• Legal & Financial
  
  
  • Reward Fund Management
  • Expense Fund
  • Volunteer Agreements / Releases
    
    
• Recovery Center Shutdown

• Historian Records
  
• Feedback to the Laura Recovery Center Team
  
  
• Pre-Incident Preparation

• Being Prepared
• Field Training
• Prevention
  
  
• Web Page

• Missing Child Organizations
• Recommended Software
• Feedback to the LRC Team
  
  
• Appendix

• LRC Manual Copyright Notice
  
• Forms - Master Copies

	A Resource Guide for the Community and Individuals, by 4 The Missing

The 4 The Missing Community Plan is designed to help bring together the missing person’s family, law enforcement and the community.

It is intended as a source of reference to help guide a community in coordinating a plan of action.

This reference guide describes how to help a family and law enforcement in the first 24 hours, how to notify and keep the community informed, and how to most effectively guide community volunteers in searching for a missing person.

Contents:

• Introduction
  
  
• Structure
  
  
• Coordinator
• Family Advocate
• Search Coordinator
• Community Awareness Liaison
• Media Liaison
• Donations Liaison
  
  
• Coordinator Responsibilities
  
  
• Physical Facility
• Setting Up Your Community Center
• Private Area Or Binder
• Public Area
  
  
• Family Liaison Responsibilities
  
  
• Community Awareness Liaison
  
  
• Flyer Distribution
  
  
• Media Liaison
  
  
• Community Search Coordinator
  
  
• Organized Community Searches
• Search Basics
• Evidence
  
  
• Donations Liaison
  
  
• Pre-Incident Preparations
  
  

	Ground Search & Rescue (GSAR): SAR100 Participant Manual, by the Emergency Management Division, Justice Institute of British Columbia

This GSAR basic search and rescue manual is intended for ground SAR operators in the Province of British Columbia, Canada.

Contents:

• Introduction
  
  
• Search and Rescue in British Columbia (BC)
  
  
• Search Organization
  
  
• Initiating a Search
• Search Progression
• Search Termination
  
  
• Wilderness Navigation
  
  
• Maps
• Compass
• Map and Compass
  
  
• Searcher Skills
  
  
• Survival Skills
• Communications
• Orientation to Rope Management
• Orientation to Tracking
• Helicopter Safety
• Avalanche Orientation
• Evacuation
  
  
• Search Tactics
  
  
• Type I Methods – Initial Response Searches
• Type II Methods – Sweep Searches
• Type III Methods – Closed Grid Searches
• Shoreline Searches and Safety
  
  
• Chapter Review Answer Key
  
  
• Bibliography and Index
  
  

	LandSAR Field Guide, by Steve Schreiber and Stu Allan

This LandSAR Field Guide is the foundation document for New Zealand Land Search and Rescue (LandSAR) members.

It serves as the ‘go to’ support document for those learning their trade with LandSAR.

Contents:

• Introduction
  
  
• Services
• Coordinating agencies
• Other key partners
  
  
• Who Does What
  
  
• Coordinated Incident Management System
• Organisation chart
  
  
• Field Personnel
  
  
• Team member
• Team Leader
• Sector Supervisor
• Talking to the media
  
  
• Food and Equipment
  
  
• Clothing and equipment
• Food
  
  
• Communications
  
  
• Very High Frequency
• High Frequency
• Cellphones
• Standard Operating Procedures
  
  
• Helicopters
  
  
• Roles and responsibilities
• Safety around a helicopter
• Working in and around a helicopter
• Winching (human sling load)
• Night operations
  
  
• Navigation
  
  
• Grid references
• Compass bearings
• GPS
  
  
• Searching
  
  
• Who are we looking for
• The bike wheel model
• How to search
• Track and Clue Awareness
• Types of sign
• Search methods
• Environmental techniques
  
  
• Rescue
  
  
• The six-step incident response process
• Rescue Action Plan
• When the missing party is found
• Death or dying
• Crashed aircraft
• Evacuation options
• Patient care
• Stretchers
  
  
• After the SAR operation
  
  
• Debrief
• Stress
• Fatigue
  
  
• Specialist Teams
  
  
• Alpine Cliff Rescue (ACR)
• Avalanche search
• Cave rescue
• Swiftwater rescue and rescue
• Dog teams
• Tracking
  
  
• Glossary
  
  
• Contacts
  

	Search Techniques Manual, by OSARVA Senior Search and Rescue Trainers

This manual is intended to provide ongoing training and development for SAR operators across the Province of Ontario, Canada, with the goal of helping searchers become more effective team members and clue seekers.

Contents:

• Introduction
  
  
• SAR Structure in Canada
• A Shared Responsibility
• The National Search and Rescue Program (NSP)
• CAF Organization for Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
• Area of Responsibility (AOR)
• Ground Search and Rescue (GSAR)
• Incident Command System (ICS)
• What is ICS Canada
• History in Canada
• Principles of ICS
• Features
• Organizational Structure of the ICS
• GSAR Eligible and Ineligible Tasks
• Eligible Tasks
• Ineligible Tasks
• Team Protocols
• Team Roles and Responsibilities
• Team Leader
• Team Member
• Flagging Person
• Communications Person
• Navigator
• First Responder / First Aider
• Note Taker
• Searcher
• Legal Issues in Search and Rescue
• Civil Law
• Criminal Law
• Safety
• Individual Responsibility
• Team Responsibility
• Volunteers and the Labour Laws
• Injuries on Search
• WSIB Procedures
• Safety Program
• Forum for Discussion of Safety
• Finance and Administration
  
  
• Search
  
  
• Search is an Emergency
• How We Search
• Why do we Search
• Search Patterns
  • Grid Search
  • Hasty Search
• Track Crawl
• Binary Search
• Contour Search
• Perimeter Search
• Purposeful Wandering
• Attraction Methods
• Sound Attraction Methods
• Visual Attraction Methods
• Confinement Methods
• Road Block
• Trail Block
• Camp-Ins
• Lookout Post
• Listening Post
• Hip Chain
• Track Trap
• Staging Area
• Critical Distance / Separation
• Technique to Determine the Critical Distance
• Some Factors Affecting Critical Distance
• Night Search
• Urban Search
• The Urban Environment
• Potential Causes of Disappearances
• Missing Person in an Urban Setting
• Dementia
• Missing and Abducted Children
• Despondent
• Mentally Challenged
• Mental Illness
• Autism
• Substance Abuse
• Urban Search Tactics
• Door to Door Canvassing
• Urban Confinement
• Building Search
• Evidence Search
• Legal Challenges of an Urban Area
• Hazards of the Urban Area
• Clue Awareness
• Cognitive Vision
• Vision — The Eyes
• Analysis — The Brain
• Knowing What to Look For
• The Realization — We Can Always Improve Cognitive Vision
• Training Techniques
• Evidence / Clue Handling
• Tracking
• Basic Man-Tracking
• Track Identification
• Team Procedure for Identifying Clues
• Note Taking
• Missing or Lost Person(s) Found Procedure
• Dealing with Deceased Person(s)
• If Handling of Deceased Person(s) is Required
• Environmental Control Following Handling
• Why is a Coroner Called
• What is a Reportable Death?
• Inquest
  
  
• Equipment
  
  
• Individual Equipment
•  Hour / Hour Packs
• Clothing
• Team Equipment
• Uniforms
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Search Vehicles
• Mountain Bike
• All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) and Snowmobile
• Personal Vehicles and SAR Response Vehicles
• Vehicle and Trailer Combination
• Helicopter
• Specialized Resources (Equipment)
• Specialized Equipment
• Specialized Vehicles
  
  
• Environment
  
  
• Weather
• Weather and its Effects on SAR
• Weather Information
• Weather Information Sources
• Storms
• Lightning
• Tornadoes
•  Rain
• Winter – Cold Alerts
• Winter Warnings
• Snowfall
• Wind-Chill
• Prevention and Protection – Cold Shock
•  Wind
•  Summer – Heat Alert
•  Humidex
•  Ultraviolet Index
• Natural Hazards
• Natural Hazards and their Effects on SAR
• Flooding
• Landslide
•  Fires
• Diseases
• Animals
• Animals and Their Effects on SAR
• Moose (alces alces)
• Black Bear (ursus americanus)
• Wolf (canis lupus), Coyote (canis latrans), Wild Dogs (canis familiaris)
• Massasauga Rattler (sistrurus catenatus)
• Striped Skunk (mephitis mephitis)
• Porcupine (erithizon dorsatum)
• Rabies
• Insects and arachnids
• Insects and their Effects on SAR
• Mosquitoes (West Nile Disease)
• Ticks (Lyme Disease)
• Bees (Anaphylaxis)
• Black Widow spider (Poisonous)
• Leeches
• Plants
• Plants and their Effects on SAR
• Canada Nettle (laportea canadensis)
• False Ragweed (iva xanthifolia)
• February Daphne (daphne mezereum)
• Giant Hogweed (heracleum mantegazzianum)
• Leatherwood (dirca palustris)
• Motherwort (leonurus cardiaca)
• Wild Parsnip (pastinaca sativa)
• Petty Spurge (euphorbia peplus)
• Pink Lady's-Slipper (cypripedium acaule)
• Poison ivy (rhus radicans)
• Poison Sumac (rhus vernix)
• Showy Lady's-Slipper (cypripedium reginae)
• Sneezeweed (helenium autumnale)
• Stinging Nettle (urtica dioica)
• Yellow Lady's-Slipper (cypripedium calceolus)
• Terrain
• Terrain and its Effects on SAR
• Ontario Terrain
• Forests
• Elevations, Hills, Cliffs
• Mine Shafts, Caves, Crevices, Wells
• Rivers, Creeks, Moving Water
•  Ice
• Wetland (Pond, Marsh, Bog, Swamp)
• Rough Terrain, Ditches, Canals
• Garbage Dumps
• Construction, Industrial Sites
• Farmland, Pasture
• Gas Pipes Line, Power Lines
• Roads, Highways, Railroads
• Light
• Light and its Effects on SAR
• Light and the Eye
• Sunlight
• Night and the Eye
  
  
• Human Factors
  
  
• Individual
• Personal Qualities and/or Attributes
• Commitment
• Team Player
• Communication Skills
• Accountability
• Professionalism
• Responsibility
• Physical Demands
• Mental Fitness
• Physical Fitness
• Body Management
• Hydration and Nutrition
• Rest, Sleep and Fatigue
• Hygiene
• Foot Care
• Personal Waste Disposal
• Alcohol and Drugs
• Team
• Handling External Influences
• Critical Incident Stress
• Critical Incident
• Critical Incident Stress
• Signs and Symptoms
• Stress Management
• Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD)
• Professionalism / Code of Ethics / Conduct
• Professionalism
• Codes of Ethics / Conduct
• Focus on Task at Hand
  
  
• Communication
  
  
• Radio
• Voice Procedures
• Pro-words
• Urgency Signals
• Radio Protocols
• Troubleshooting Loss of Signal
• Best Practices
• Team Communication
• Callout
• Sign-in / Sign-out
• Briefing
• Debriefing
• Initial Basic Infield Interviewing Techniques
• Media
• Social Media / Cell Phones / Cameras
• Social Media
• Cell Phones
• Cameras
  
  
• Training
  
  
• Probability of Detection (POD) – Probability of Area (POA)
• Point Last Seen (PLS) – Last Known Position (LKP)
• Initial Planning Point (IPP)
• First Aid
• Knots
• Wilderness Survival
• Group Survival
•  Water
• Improvised Shelter
• Fire Starting
• Safety
• Signaling
• Psychology of Survival
• Navigation
• Map
• Compass
• Tally System
• Global Positioning System (GPS)
• Missing or Loss Person(s) Behaviors / Characteristics
• Behaviors and Characteristics
• Strategies Missing or Lost Person(s) Use to Reorient Themselves
• The Role of Emotion
• Specialized Resources (Human)
• Trackers
• K Teams
• Mounted or Equine Team
• Technical Rope Team
• Confined Space Rescue
• Water Rescue
• Light Urban Search and Rescue
• Logistical Support
• Communication Support
• Critical Stress Management Team
• Haz Mat Team
  
  
• Glossary
  
  
• References
  
  
• Acknowledgement

	Basic Land Navigation (PMS 475 NFES 2865) by the National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG), US National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC), Boise, Idaho, US, 2007, 174 pages.

This book is an excellent introductory manual for those wishing to learn about land navigation.

Contents:

• Preface  
  
  
• Introduction  
  
  
• Overview of Maps
   
• Key Points When Working with Maps  
• General Types of Maps  
• Incident Specific Maps  
• Map Legend and Symbols  
• Map Sources  
• Checking Your Understanding  

• Reading Topographic Maps and Making Calculations  
  
  
• Reading the Margins  
• Interpreting Contour Lines  
• Estimating Slope  
• EstimatingAspect  
• Estimating Acreage  
• Estimating Distances  
• Estimating Percent Contained  
• Checking Your Understanding  

• Geographic Location Systems
   
• Latitude and Longitude  
• Universal Transverse Mercator  
• US Public Land Survey  
• Other Geographic Location Systems 
• Checking Your Understanding  

• Using a Compass and Clinometer
   
• Parts of a Compass  
• Tips on Getting Accurate Compass Readings  
• Adjusting a Compass for Magnetic Declination  
• Orienting a Compass  
• Taking Bearings (Direct and Back)  
• Following Bearings  
• Estimating Slope with a Clinometer
• Checking Your Understanding  

• Global Positioning System  
  
  
• How the Global Positioning System Works  
• Using a GPS Receiver  
• Checking Your Understanding  

• Navigation and Field Mapping  
  
  
• Orienting Maps  
• Measuring a Bearing on a Map  
• Plotting Points on a Map using Latitude/Longitude  
• Plotting Points on a Map using UTM
• Estimating Your Own Position Location  
• Estimating Unknown Position Locations  
• Estimating Distance on the Ground  
• Field Mapping  
• Taking Notes  
• Checking Your Understanding  

• Appendixes
  
  
• Appendix A – Glossary
• Appendix B – Answers to Exercises
• Appendix C – Tools and Resources

If you've been able to read this
Web page...
thank a Teacher;
If you've been able to read this
Web page in English...
thank a Veteran.
— Author unknown

Copyright © 1984- March 23, 2021 by Michael A. Neiger

Contact Michael Neiger via e-mail at mneiger@hotmail.com

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